Community Based Digital Health Education to Enhance Adolescent Empowerment in Stunting Prevention
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Abstract
Stunting remains a major public health challenge in low- and middle-income countries, including Indonesia, with determinants originating as early as adolescence. Adolescents are a strategic target for breaking the intergenerational cycle of malnutrition, yet many programs still emphasize knowledge transfer rather than empowerment. Digital health interventions offer opportunities to strengthen adolescent empowerment through interactive learning and behavior change. The KARUNI Youth Action program was developed to enhance adolescent knowledge, self-efficacy, and preventive behaviors, contributing evidence for digital, empowerment-based stunting prevention strategies. This community-based intervention study used a one-group pretest–posttest design to evaluate the effectiveness of the KARUNI Youth Action program among 32 adolescents aged 12–15 years. The digital-based intervention included educational modules on nutrition, healthy lifestyles, and reproductive health, complemented by a 21-day daily activity monitoring. Significant improvements were observed in knowledge (p < 0.001), attitudes, motivation, self-efficacy, and preventive health behaviors (p < 0.05). The findings indicate that digital empowerment interventions can effectively enhance adolescent empowerment for stunting prevention, although the absence of a control group and the small sample size limit generalizability. KARUNI Youth Action significantly improved adolescent empowerment and preventive behaviors, supporting digital strategies for stunting prevention.
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